Name Recognition

Degree to which a brand or company is known by the public

Branding

Narrowcasting

Delivering targeted messages to niche audiences

Marketing or Media

Natural Monopoly

Market with high fixed costs leading to single supplier dominance

Economics

Natural Resources

Raw materials used in production

Economics or Sustainability

Needs Assessment

Evaluation of learning or resource gaps

HR or Training

Negative Cash Flow

Outflows exceeding inflows in a given period

Finance

Negative Equity

When liabilities exceed asset value

Finance or Real Estate

Negotiation

Process of reaching a mutually beneficial agreement

Business Skills

Net Asset Value (NAV)

Value per share of a mutual fund or ETF

Finance or Investments

Net Book Value

Asset value after depreciation

Accounting

Net Contribution Margin

Revenue minus variable costs per unit

Finance

Net Domestic Product (NDP)

GDP minus depreciation of capital goods

Economics

Net Export

Difference between a country’s exports and imports

Economics

Net Income

Company’s total earnings or profit

Finance or Accounting

Net Lease

Lease where tenant pays base rent + other costs

Real Estate or Legal

Net Margin

Net profit as a percentage of revenue

Finance

Net Operating Income (NOI)

Revenue from operations minus operating expenses

Real Estate or Finance

Net Operating Loss (NOL)

Situation where a company’s expenses exceed income

Accounting or Tax

Net Present Value (NPV)

Value of future cash flows discounted to present

Finance or Investment

Net Promoter Score (NPS)

Metric measuring customer loyalty and satisfaction

Customer Experience

Net Realizable Value (NRV)

Value expected from selling an asset minus costs

Accounting

Net Revenue Retention (NRR)

Growth metric for recurring revenue businesses

SaaS or Finance

Net Sales

Revenue minus returns, allowances, and discounts

Finance or Sales

Net Working Capital

Current assets minus current liabilities

Finance

Net Worth

Total assets minus total liabilities

Finance

Networking

Building professional relationships for opportunities

Business Development

New Hire Orientation

Introduction process for newly hired employees

HR

New Product Development (NPD)

Process of bringing new products to market

Product Management

New Venture

Newly established business or startup

Entrepreneurship

Niche Market

Specific, well-defined segment of a larger market

Marketing

Nominal Value

Face value of a bond or security

Finance or Accounting

Nominee Shareholder

Individual holding shares on behalf of another party

Legal or Finance

Non-Binding Agreement

Document outlining terms without legal obligation

Legal or Negotiations

Non-Cash Expense

Expense not involving cash outlay (e.g., depreciation)

Accounting

Non-Compete Clause

Agreement preventing employees from joining competitors

Legal or Employment

Non-Conformance Report (NCR)

Documented deviation from standards or procedures

Quality or Compliance

Non-Current Assets

Long-term investments or fixed assets

Accounting

Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA)

Contract preventing the sharing of confidential information

Legal or Contracts

Non-Executive Director

Board member not involved in daily operations

Corporate Governance

Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)

Independent group focused on social or public missions

Nonprofit

Non-Monetary Compensation

Employee benefits not paid in cash (e.g., perks, recognition)

HR

Non-Profit Organization

Entity operating for a mission, not for profit

Legal or Business Type

Non-Recurring Item

One-time gain or loss not expected to repeat

Accounting or Reporting

Non-Tariff Barriers

Restrictions on trade not involving tariffs

International Trade

Notice Period

Time required between resignation and final working day

HR or Employment

Notice of Termination

Formal statement to end employment or agreement

HR or Legal